根据英国社会经济地位的不同指标,吸烟和戒烟行为:人口研究,2014年至2023年
Annika Theodoulou1, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce2, Nicola Lindson1
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
概括
在英格兰各地,吸烟不平等仍然存在,处境不利的群体吸烟率和成率更高. 研究结果表明,社会经济地位指标对吸烟行为产生了类似的结果,但可能仍然需要量身定制的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 吸烟的社会梯度已经得到了很好的证明.
- 社会经济地位 (SEP) 和吸烟行为之间的关联需要在各种SEP指标上进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 估计五个SEP指标与英国吸烟和戒烟相关行为的关联.
- 调查SEP的不同措施如何与吸烟流行,成,戒烟动机,戒烟尝试和戒烟援助使用有关.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自英格兰195,953名成年人 (2014-2023) 的全国代表性的横截面调查数据.
- 评估了五个SEP指标:职业社会等级,就业状态,住房所有权,教育水平和家庭收入.
- 使用后勤或线性回归来分析SEP与吸烟/戒烟结果之间的关联,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 越来越多的社会经济劣势与更高的吸烟率,更大的烟草成和更低的戒烟动力相关.
- 处境不利的个人不太可能尝试戒烟; 戒烟成功率较低,处境不利的住房占有率较低.
- 电子烟的使用因SEP而异,但对其他戒烟辅助的证据是不确定的.
结论:
- 在整个英格兰,在吸烟方面存在着持续的社会经济不平等,无论使用哪种特定的SEP指标.
- 虽然SEP措施可能可以互换用于研究吸烟行为,但针对性干预仍然可能是必要的,以有效地解决不平等问题.
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