评估基于社会生态系统理论为冠心病的年轻和中年患者设计的职业康复计划:随机对照试验
Yaoyao Hu1, Qi Zhang2, Taihua Zhou1
1Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Frontiers in public health
|February 11, 2026
概括
职业康复显著改善了年轻和中年冠状动脉疾病 (CHD) 患者的恢复工作率. 这项干预措施提高了就业成果,生活质量和自我效能,解决了关键的护理差距.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 冠心病 (CHD) 越来越多地影响年轻人群体,导致就业挑战和财务压力.
- 有限的证据表明,职业康复对中国CHD患者的有效性是有限的.
- 社会生态系统理论为开发有针对性的干预提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 提高中年和年轻CHD患者的就业地位.
- 根据社会生态系统理论实施和评估职业康复计划.
主要方法:
- 一个多阶段的程序开发,包括文献审查,专家小组,采访,德尔菲共识和试点研究.
- 一个单中心随机对照试验,有158名参与者被分配到为期3个月的干预或常规护理.
- 主要结果:回归工作率;次要结果:焦虑,生活质量,回归工作的自我效能.
主要成果:
- 与对照组 (61.6%) 相比,干预组的返回工作率 (87.1%) 显著更高.
- 在干预组中,观察到恢复工作的自我效能,生活质量和减少焦虑的改善.
- 后勤回归证实,干预参与者成功返回工作的几率是5倍以上.
结论:
- 基于生态系统理论的职业康复有效地改善了年轻和中年CHD患者的就业结果.
- 多维因素,包括工作场所的考虑,对于回归工作的干预措施至关重要.
- 医疗保健提供者应该整合全面的战略,以支持CHD患者重新融入劳动力.
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