跨多个足球任务的四肢间不对称性随着年轻球员的成熟程度而变化:一个横截面研究
Hamza Marzouki1,2, Bilel Cherni1,2, Alâa Edine Sassi1,2
1Research Unit: Sport sciences, Health and Movement, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia.
Biology of sport
|February 11, 2026
概括
生物成熟显著影响足球运动员的四肢不对称性,年轻球员在速度和敏捷性任务中表现出更多的不对称性. 培训应适应成熟阶段,以获得最佳的表现和预防伤害.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
- 儿科运动医学 儿科运动医学
背景情况:
- 生物成熟是体育表现的一个关键因素.
- 年轻运动员的四肢间不对称性会影响表现,增加受伤风险.
- 成熟对足球运动中的不对称性的影响还不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究生物成熟对足球运动员肢体间不对称性的影响.
- 评估下肢肌肉体积的不对称性,冲刺表现,跳跃高度和动态平衡.
- 为了确定不同滴球任务中不对称方向的一致性.
主要方法:
- 涉及83名年轻男性足球运动员的横截面研究,按成熟阶段分类 (PHV前,PHV后,PHV后).
- 性能评估包括线性和方向变化冲刺 (带有和没有球),反运动跳跃 (双边和单边),以及Y平衡测试.
- 对所有措施计算了不对称性指数,卡帕系数评估了滴球任务之间的一致性.
主要成果:
- 与Circa和Post-PHV组相比,在PHV前的球员在滴球冲刺和方向变化缺陷方面表现出更大的不对称性.
- 在PHV后的球员表现出比其他群体更高的平衡不对称性.
- 卡帕的分析表明,在滴球和赤字任务中,不对称方向的一致性相当或中等.
结论:
- 生物成熟影响足球运动员的四肢不对称性,特别是在速度和敏捷性任务中.
- 早期成熟 (Pre-PHV) 球员需要有针对性的神经肌肉训练来解决不对称性.
- 晚期成熟 (后PHV) 的球员可能会从平衡和运动特定的练习中受益,以管理不对称性并防止受伤.
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