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在肯尼亚的多发性硬化症患者中使用抗CD 20疗法的经验
Nyambane Eunice1, Tejal Patel1, Jacqueline Mavuti1
1Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Frontiers in neurology
|February 11, 2026
概括
在肯尼亚,ocrelizumab和rituximab对于多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者是安全有效的. 这些B细胞消耗疗法显著降低了复发率,并在现实世界的非洲队列中表现出良好的耐受性.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 临床神经学 临床神经学
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,影响中枢神经系统.
- 消耗B细胞的疗法,如ocrelizumab和rituximab,已经成为MS的重要治疗选择.
- 关于这些疗法在非洲人群中的安全性和有效性的现实数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估ocrelizumab (OCR) 和rituximab (RTX) 在患有多发性硬化症的患者队列中的安全性和有效性.
- 评估这些抗CD20疗法对临床复发率和磁共振成像 (MRI) 疾病活性的影响.
- 在非洲多发性硬化病注册处提供关于B细胞消耗疗法结果的真实证据.
主要方法:
- 在肯尼亚内罗毕阿迦汗大学医院进行了一项回顾性,单一中心的研究.
- 包括根据麦当劳2017年标准诊断出MS的成年患者 (18-65岁),并在2016年1月至2025年6月期间接受了ocrelizumab或rituximab治疗.
- 收集和分析了人口统计,疾病特征,治疗史,不良事件,临床复发和MRI发现的数据.
主要成果:
- 67名患者接受了抗CD20疗法,主要是复发性复发性多发性硬化症 (RRMS).
- 一年后,观察到累积复发率显著降低,从48例降至7例临床复发患者.
- 没有报告输液相关的不良事件,严重感染,恶性瘤或渐进的多焦点脑病变 (PML).
- 40名患者的MRI结果保持稳定,而7名患者显示新的病变;20名患者缺乏后续扫描.
结论:
- 在这个非洲MS队列中,ocrelizumab和rituximab显示出良好的安全性和耐受性概况.
- 这些消耗B细胞的药物有效降低疾病活性,由复发率降低和稳定的MRI发现证明.
- 这项研究提供了有价值的现实数据,支持使用ocrelizumab和rituximab作为肯尼亚MS患者的治疗选择.
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