表达式:"他们都看起来一样吗?" 参与者的种族调节了跨种族对学习判断的影响
Julius B Calvert1, Nicholas P Maxwell1, Kendal A Smith2
1Midwestern State University.
概括
跨种族效应 (CRE) 表明人们更好地识别同种族的面孔. 这项研究发现,学习判断 (JOLs) 也反映了CRE,但这种影响取决于参与者的种族.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 超认知 (Metacognition) 是一种表认知 (metacognition) 的方法.
背景情况:
- 跨种族效应 (CRE) 表明同种族面孔的识别能力优于其他种族面孔.
- 虽然CRE在记忆研究中得到了充分的证据,但它对元认知判断的影响,例如学习判断 (JOLs),理解程度较低.
研究的目的:
- 调查跨种族效应是否延伸到学习判断 (JOLs).
- 检查参与者种族和种族态度在CRE在JOLs中的表现中的作用.
主要方法:
- 两项实验涉及黑人和白人参与者在研究不同典型的相同和其他种族面孔时制作JOL.
- 参与者还完成了种族态度测量.
- 采用了统计分析,包括相关性和调解分析.
主要成果:
- 跨种族效应被复制用于面部识别和可歧视性.
- 在JOL中观察到CRE模式,但因参与者的种族而显著缓和.
- 只有黑人参与者的JOL反映了CRE;白人参与者的JOL对于相同的与其他种族的面孔没有区别.
- 种族态度和动机无法解释白人参与者观察到的JOL模式.
结论:
- 学习判断 (JOLs) 可以受到跨种族效应的影响.
- 在JOL中CRE的表现取决于参与者的种族,强调了社会经验的作用.
- 超认知判断是由复杂的社会和经验因素塑造的,这些因素超出了明确的种族态度.
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