远程医疗利用的时间趋势和社会人口统计差异,2019-2024年
Bingyu Zhang1,2, Lu Li1,2, Yiwen Lu1,2
1Center for Health AI and Synthesis of Evidence (CHASE), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Journal of general internal medicine
|February 11, 2026
概括
远程医疗的使用在流行病后仍然很高,但根据患者的人口统计和社会经济因素,获得的机会会有很大差异. 有针对性的策略是必不可少的,以确保所有人公平地采用远程医疗.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 数字健康数字健康
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,远程医疗的普及速度急剧加快,从根本上改变了医疗保健的准入.
- 了解远程医疗的长期使用趋势和患者特定因素对于疫情后的医疗保健规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2019年至2024年的远程医疗利用模式.
- 确定与远程医疗使用相关的关键患者特征.
主要方法:
- 五家医院 (2019-2024) 超过4600万次门诊病人的回顾性队列研究.
- 多变量后勤回归用于评估远程医疗使用与患者/遭遇特征之间的关联.
- 分析的关键因素包括人口统计,保险,患者门户的使用,收入,并发症,护理距离和提供者的专长.
主要成果:
- 在大流行期间,远程医疗的使用激增,从2022-2024年稳定在4-6%.
- 在老年人,男性和新患者访问中,利用率较低.
- 在未婚患者,患者门户用户,生活在离护理更远的地方,低收入个人和初级保健机构中观察到更高的使用率.
- 与非西班牙裔白人患者相比,非西班牙裔黑人,西班牙裔和亚洲裔患者的远程医疗使用率较低,在心理健康护理获取方面存在显著差异.
结论:
- 远程医疗的使用是持久的,但显示出基于年龄,种族/种族,社会经济地位和患者门户参与度的差异.
- 公平的远程医疗采用需要有针对性的政策和干预措施来解决已识别的访问障碍.
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