历史上黑人大学或大学的出席率和认知在美国的黑人成年人
Marilyn D Thomas1,2,3, Carol Wei2, Min Hee Kim4
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
JAMA network open
|February 11, 2026
概括
与以白人为主的机构 (PWI) 相比,参加历史黑人学院或大学 (HBCU) 与黑人成年人晚年更好的认知功能有关. 这些认知益处在不同历史时期的教育中被观察到.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 历史黑人学院和大学 (HBCU) 可能提供独特的长期认知优势.
- 之前的研究并没有在全国范围的黑人成年人样本中广泛评估这一关联.
研究的目的:
- 调查参加HBCU与白人占主导地位的机构 (PWI) 与黑人成年人晚年认知健康之间的关联.
- 为了分析全国黑人群体的认知结果.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自中风地理和种族差异原因 (REGARDS) 研究的数据,这是45岁以上的美国成年人前性队列.
- 包括参加大学的黑人参与者,分析自我报告的大学类型 (HBCU与PWI).
- 使用线性回归与治疗权重的逆概率来估计记忆,语言和全球认知的认知差异.
主要成果:
- 与PWI出席相比,HBCU出席与显著更好的记忆 (ATE,0.13),语言 (ATE,0.19) 和全球认知 (ATE,0.22) 相联系.
- 这些积极的关联对于1955年以后上大学的个人来说是一致的.
- 虽然在统计学上并不显著,但趋势表明,在1955年之前就读大学的人可以从中受益.
结论:
- 在历史上的黑人学院或大学就读与老年黑人成年人的增强认知功能有关.
- 这些发现表明,HBCU的出席提供了持久的认知益处,无论高等教育的时代,包括隔离时期.
- 这项研究强调了HBCU在促进黑人成年人认知性方面的潜在作用.
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