尸检后的超声波导向活检:用于调查新型疾病的宝贵工具
Ánxela Vidal González1, Juan José Páez Vargas2, Ana María Vicente Montaña3
1Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Vithas Madrid Aravaca, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Alcorcón, Spain.
概括
尸体活检是一种实用的,最少的侵入性替代体检,用于传染病的调查. 这些活检有效和经济有效地提供高质量的组织样本,提高了研究和临床环境的可访问性.
科学领域:
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 尸检是传染病调查的标准,但在疫情期间面临基础设施,人员和安全问题等局限性.
- 死亡后的超声波导向活检为必要组织采样提供了一种最小侵入性和实用的替代方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估死后活检作为已故COVID-19患者传统尸检的可行替代方案.
- 与尸体解剖相比,评估死后活检的质量,可行性和成本效益.
主要方法:
- 研究了60名已故的COVID-19患者的病例系列,通过尸体解剖和超声波导向活检获得了108个尸体样本.
- 在尸检后一小时内在床边进行了活检;用形态学,免疫组织化学 (IHC) 和传输电子显微镜 (TEM) 技术分析了样本.
- 在死亡之前收集了临床和流行病学数据.
主要成果:
- 死后活检更快,更少侵入性,更具成本效益 (尸检180欧元,尸检1500欧元-3000欧元).
- 获得了适合IHC和TEM的高质量样本,成功率从67% () 到100% (肝脏) 之间.
- 最少的侵入性方法增加了家庭的接受,特别是当完全解剖是不可行的.
结论:
- 死后活检是尸检的有价值的替代品,可以获得高质量的样本,可获得性更好,成本更低,处理速度更快.
- 它们的最小入侵性质和取样关键器官的能力提高了临床和研究环境中的可行性.
- 这种方法支持在调查新出现的疾病和了解死后病理学方面更广泛的应用.
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