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Gyroscope01:02

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A gyroscope is defined as a spinning disk in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When spinning, the orientation of the spin axis is unaffected by the orientation of the body that encloses it. The body or vehicle enclosing the gyroscope can be moved from place to place, while the orientation of the spin axis remains the same. This makes gyroscopes very useful in navigation, especially where magnetic compasses cannot be used, such as in crewed and crewless spacecraft,...
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Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...
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Chemical reactions, such as those that occur when you light a match, involve changes in energy as well as matter.
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使用加速计和陀螺仪数据预测学龄前儿童的能量消耗

Hannah J Coyle-Asbil1,2,3, Katarina Osojnicki1, Alexa Robertson1

  • 1Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON,Canada.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

将陀螺仪数据添加到加速度计数据中略有改善了学龄前儿童的能源消耗预测,但收益很小. 由于更简单的数据收集,建议仅使用加速度计模型进行实际使用.

关键词:
校准校准的时间机器学习是机器学习.身体活动 身体活动没有久坐的行为.可穿戴设备可以穿戴.

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科学领域:

  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
  • 儿科运动科学 儿科运动科学
  • 可穿戴技术可穿戴技术

背景情况:

  • 准确估计学龄前儿童的能量消耗 (EE) 对于了解他们的身体活动水平和代谢健康至关重要.
  • 可穿戴式传感器提供了一个有希望的,非侵入性的方法来监测EE在自由生活条件下.
  • 之前的研究已经探索了加速仪数据用于EE预测,但陀螺仪数据的附加值仍然不太清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查将陀螺仪数据与加速度计数据集成是否提高了学龄前儿童能源消耗预测的准确性.
  • 为了比较不同传感器配置 (仅加速度计,仅陀螺仪和双传感器) 的性能,用于EE预测.
  • 评估各种机器学习模型,以使用不同的传感器输入和磨损位置来预测EE.

主要方法:

  • 39名学龄前儿童 (3至6岁以下) 参加了这项研究.
  • 参与者在不同的身体部位佩戴多个设备 (OPAL,GT9X,GENEActiv),同时使用便携式代谢单元测量能量消耗.
  • 开发和评估了54个机器学习模型,使用根平均平方误差,比较加速度计,陀螺仪和双传感器数据,使用不同的算法和磨损地点.

主要成果:

  • 与其他配置相比,随机森林模型包含加速仪和陀螺仪数据 (双传感器) 在大多数情况下显示出略低的根平均平方误差.
  • 虽然双传感器模型显示了轻微的改进,但在各种设置中,提高能源支出预测准确度是最小的.
  • 基于特定的EE测量 (每分钟代谢等价物或千焦耳) 或磨损位置的模型性能没有发现显著差异.

结论:

  • 将陀螺仪数据添加到加速度计数据中,在预测学龄前儿童的能量消耗方面只能带来微不足道的改进.
  • 考虑到双传感器系统的数据采集和处理的最小收益和潜在挑战,建议在未来研究中使用基于加速度计的模型.
  • 未来的研究应该专注于优化基于加速度计的算法,以便在幼儿中进行可靠和实用的能源消耗估计.