季节性变化在表现,生理和运动因素的最大增量游泳在精英开放水游泳者游泳的季节性变化
Óscar López-Belmonte1,2, Jesús J Ruiz-Navarro2,3, Roberto Baldassarre4,5
1Department of Didactics of Music, Visual Arts, and Physical Expression, Faculty of Education, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|February 11, 2026
概括
精英的开水游泳运动员.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 游泳是越来越多的精英运动.
- 对业绩决定因素的季节性影响尚未得到充分了解.
研究的目的:
- 评估精英开放水游泳者表现,生理学和运动学的季节性变化.
- 检查生理和动力学因素如何影响最大的游泳表现.
主要方法:
- 18名精英游泳者 (12名男性,6名女性) 进行了间歇性增量测试.
- 在两年内,收集了四个时间点的数据.
- 评估心率,血液乳酸,有氧值 (AeT),乳酸值 (LT),游泳速度,中风率,长度和指数.
主要成果:
- 没有观察到整体表现或生理因素的显著季节性变化.
- 在AeT和LT时,雄性表现出季节性动力学变化 (冲击长度和指数).
- 最大游泳速度与两性AET和LT的速度正相关.
结论:
- 精英游泳者在不同季节保持稳定的表现和生理学.
- 运动调整,特别是男性,发生季节性.
- 监测冲击技巧 (动力学) 对于优化训练和竞争策略至关重要.
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