巴西精英冲刺教练采用的热身方法:国家调查的实用见解
Irineu Loturco1,2,3,4, Lucas A Pereira1,2, Valter P Mercer1
1NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|February 11, 2026
概括
巴西冲刺教练使用全面的热身策略,整合生理,神经肌肉和心理准备目标. 这些基于证据的方法,包括激活后性能提升,优化了冲刺表现,尽管存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动训练 运动训练
- 人类运动 人类运动
背景情况:
- 了解当前的热身练习对于优化运动表现至关重要.
- 冲刺教练涉及特定的策略,以准备运动员参加比赛.
研究的目的:
- 调查巴西教练为精英短跑者使用的热身策略.
- 确定冲刺训练中热身的目标,方法和感知到的好处.
主要方法:
- 对31名巴西冲刺教练进行了一项描述性,横截面的调查.
- 一个40项问卷评估了热身目标,结构,持续时间,监测和绩效提升策略.
主要成果:
- 教练优先考虑生理 (例如,肌肉温度,血液流动) 和神经肌肉目标,以及心理准备.
- 热身通常包括移动性,动态拉伸,加速和冲刺练习.
- 大多数教练 (97%) 将热身视为提高表现和 (90%) 预防伤害,68%使用后激活性能增强策略.
结论:
- 巴西冲刺教练实施了多方面的,个性化的和基于证据的热身协议.
- 战略与科学建议保持一致,包括激活后的性能提升和初始化.
- 教练有效地管理上下文障碍,以优化冲刺表现.
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