在严重的COVID-19中表面活性剂雾化:气管吸附脂周转和新陈代谢
Anthony D Postle1, Howard W Clark2, James Fink3
1Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Lebanon; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre and Critical Care/Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton National Health System Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids
|February 11, 2026
概括
COVID-19会导致肺部缺乏表面活性剂. 外源表面活性剂可以纠正这种情况,但其快速循环表明急性呼吸困扰综合征 (ARDS) 患者需要长期治疗.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 严重的COVID-19 (冠状病毒病2019) 可能导致急性呼吸系统应急综合征 (ARDS).
- 负责肺表面活性剂合成的膜II型细胞是SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 的目标.
- 表面活性剂功能障碍被假设有助于COVID-19患者的ARDS发展.
研究的目的:
- 调查ARDS的机械通风COVID-19患者的表面活性剂状态和周转率.
- 在这些患者中评估雾化外源表面活性剂的疗效和周转率.
- 分析气管吸附脂代谢及其与炎症的关系.
主要方法:
- 脂质质谱法用于分析内源性表面活性剂脂和施用表面活性剂的周转率.
- 呼吸同步雾化为通风COVID-19患者提供了外源表面活性剂.
- 气管吸附液的分析是在输入管道后不久进行的,并在表面活性剂的使用期间进行的.
主要成果:
- 来自COVID-19患者的气管吸附物显示表面活性剂脂度显著降低,表明表面活性剂耗尽.
- 雾化表面活性剂有效地增加了内源性脂质水平,证明了雾化概念的证明.
- 外源性表面活性剂表现出快速循环 (平均半衰期为7.8小时),内源性酸丁胆合成或组成没有显著变化.
- 在二甲基酸丁胆合成和炎症状态之间观察到一个反向相关性.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了首个直接证据,证明COVID-19相关ARDS的表面活性剂缺乏.
- 虽然外源表面活性剂可以纠正这种缺陷,但其快速循环需要长时间的管理才能持续治疗效果.
- 这些发现表明,一部分内源性脂可能来自非表面活性剂来源.
相关概念视频
00:52What is Metabolism?
132.4K
Overview
132.4K
01:19Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency
21.7K
The turnover number of an enzyme is the maximum number of substrate molecules it can transform per unit time. Turnover numbers for most enzymes range from 1 to 1000 molecules per second. Catalase has the known highest turnover number, capable of converting up to 2.8×106 molecules of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen per second. Lysozyme has the lowest known turnover number of half a molecule per second.
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
21.7K
01:16Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR
800
Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
800
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
14.4K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
14.4K
01:40Overview of Metabolism
38.7K
Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
38.7K
01:19Regulation of Metabolism
11.7K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
11.7K