产前暴露于空气污染和儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍的风险
Sharanpreet Kaur1,2, Josefa Canals-Sans3,4,5,6, Paula Morales-Hidalgo1,2
1Nutrition and Mental Health Research Group (NUTRISAM), Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain.
Research on child and adolescent psychopathology
|February 11, 2026
概括
产前暴露于空气污染,包括PM2.5和NO2,与儿童注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 症状的增加有关. 早期怀孕是这些神经发育影响的关键窗口,特别是在男性中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿科流行病学 儿科流行病学
背景情况:
- 早期暴露于空气污染物是神经发育问题的潜在危险因素.
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 是儿童常见的一种神经发育障碍.
- 了解产前环境因素对ADHD的影响对公共健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查产前暴露于特定空气污染物和学龄儿童的多动症症状之间的关联.
- 确定孕期暴露于可能影响ADHD风险的空气污染的关键窗口.
- 探索产前空气污染对ADHD症状的性别特异性影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了EPINED研究的数据,这是西班牙塔拉哥纳的两阶段流行病学研究.
- 对3727名学龄前和学龄儿童进行了ADHD症状查,随后对781名儿童进行了诊断评估.
- 采用多变量回归和季度特定分析来评估空气污染物 (PM10,PM粗,NO2,NOx,PM2.5) 和ADHD症状之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 对PM10,PM粗,NO2和NOx的更高产前暴露与教师报告的ADHD症状增加有显著的关联.
- 在第一和第二个三个月的产前暴露显示出与注意力不集中症状的显著关联.
- 影响在男性中更为明显,表明潜在的性别特异性脆弱性.
结论:
- 产前暴露于空气污染,特别是在怀孕早期,与微妙的神经发育影响有关,导致ADHD症状增加.
- 怀孕早期是空气污染暴露的脆弱时期,这涉及到ADHD风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解产前空气污染对神经发育的长期影响.
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