多发性骨髓瘤中贫血的病理生理学和治疗方面的进展
Nicola Giuliani1,2, Benedetta Dalla Palma2, Laura Notarfranchi3
1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Multiple Myeloma Research Unit, Hematological Hospital Parma.
Current opinion in hematology
|February 11, 2026
概括
对多发性骨髓瘤的新免疫疗法增加了贫血风险. 临床医生必须考虑与药物相关的贫血机制以及患者管理中的其他因素.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 贫血是多发性骨髓瘤的一个常见并发症,由多因素原因引起.
- 除了与疾病相关的因素之外,新的免疫治疗药物正在成为导致贫血病理生理学的重要贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 审查新兴免疫治疗药物在多发性骨髓瘤患者贫血发展中的作用.
- 要突出与药物相关的机制,在这个患者群体中导致贫血.
主要方法:
- 最近临床试验和研究的文献综述.
- 分析涉及免疫调节药物,抗CD38抗体,双特异性抗体和CAR-T细胞的机制.
- 检查当前和新的贫血治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 与免疫调节药物相关的贫血可能源于对造血原生细胞的直接影响或间接的细胞因子调节.
- 反CD38抗体可能会诱导亡或抑制红色素原生细胞,影响红色素形成.
- 在多发性骨髓瘤中,报告了双特异性抗体和CAR-T细胞治疗的高贫血发病率.
结论:
- 在多发性骨髓瘤治疗中引入新型免疫疗法与较高的贫血发病率相关.
- 临床医生应对药物诱导的贫血保持警,特别是在具有先前存在贫血风险因素的患者中.
相关概念视频
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
3.7K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.7K
01:29Hypertension II: Pathophysiology
1.0K
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
1.0K
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
3.1K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
3.1K
01:22Pathophysiology of Vomiting
3.2K
Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...
3.2K
01:17Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology
1.4K
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
1.4K
01:49Multiple Allele Traits
38.2K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
38.2K