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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

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卷烟对美国各州死亡率的影响趋势
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 12, 2026
概括
吸烟率和烟草控制显著影响美国各州的预期寿命. 较高的吸烟率,特别是在肯塔基州这样的州,导致与从未吸烟者相比,预期寿命的差异更大.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 吸烟率和死亡率在美国各地具有显著的地理和时间差异.
- 癌症干预和监测建模网络-肺部工作组 (CISNET-LWG) 之前开发了一个吸烟史生成器来建模吸烟对健康的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了改进一个吸烟史生成器的参数.
- 量化吸烟对美国不同州预期寿命的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自国家健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 和目前人口调查的烟草使用补充 (TUS-CPS) 的数据来估计州特定的吸烟史参数.
- 雇佣的年龄-时期-队列和年龄-队列模型用于戒烟概率.
- 估计的全因,肺癌和非肺癌死亡率,按吸烟状况划分.
主要成果:
- 一般人口与从未吸烟者之间的预期寿命差异在男性中比女性更大,并且在高吸烟率州 (例如肯塔基州) 与低吸烟率州 (例如加利福尼亚州) 相比,更大.
- 这些寿命差异随着时间的推移而减少.
- 区域差异,如东南地区更高的吸烟率,导致预期寿命差异更大.
结论:
- 在吸烟参数,死亡率趋势及其对预期寿命的影响方面,存在显著的州级差异.
- 更高的吸烟率与预期寿命的缩短直接相关.
- 虽然吸烟是主要因素,但其他变量也会影响国家特定的死亡率.
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