在ABCD研究中,自我报告的冲动性,基于任务的抑制控制和早期饮行为作为青少年酒精使用和问题的纵向预测因素
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 12, 2026
概括
儿童早期的饮酒和冲动性特征预测了青少年的酒精使用,这些关系随着年龄的增长而加强. 负面的紧迫感是冲动的一面,特别与早期出现的酒精问题有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 早期低水平的酒精消费 (饮酒) 是以后酒精使用和问题的预测因素.
- 冲动性和抑制控制不良也与问题性酒精使用风险增加有关.
- 有限的研究已经前性地检查了早期的饮酒以及冲动性和抑制性控制的变化,以预测青少年饮酒的参与.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童早期的饮酒和冲动性特征作为青少年酒精使用的预测因素.
- 模拟与酒精使用有关的冲动性和抑制性控制的发展轨迹.
- 检查这些关系如何随着时间的推移而改变,从童年到青春期.
主要方法:
- 利用了青少年大脑认知发展研究 (ABCD) 的数据 (n=11,866).
- 采用线性混合效应模型来分析从9-10岁到15-16岁的饮酒,冲动 (UPPS-P) 和抑制控制 (Flanker任务) 的轨迹.
- 检查了与年龄的相互作用,以评估预测关系中的发育变化.
主要成果:
- 冲动性方面 (消极的紧迫性,积极的紧迫性,缺乏计划,寻找感觉) 与年龄相互作用,加强了他们对酒精使用的预测.
- 早期喝酒也显示了对饮用饮料数量的年龄相互作用效应.
- 负面紧迫性在预测问题性酒精使用时,与年龄有显著的负面相互作用,这表明年龄较小时的相关性更强.
结论:
- 儿童的冲动性特征和饮行为与青少年的酒精使用有关,这些联系随着年龄的增长而加剧.
- 负面的紧迫性可能是青春期早期遇到与酒精有关的问题的脆弱性因素.
- 了解特定的冲动性方面对于制定有效的青少年饮酒预防和干预策略至关重要.
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