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相关概念视频

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

7.6K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.6K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

8.3K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.3K
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

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The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
7.4K
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order...
22.3K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
9.5K
Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

CRISPR-Mediated Reorganization of Chromatin Loop Structure
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通过CTCF介导的染色质组织的结构基础

Manuel Osorio Valeriano, Alexander C Stone, Masahiro Nagano

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    此摘要是机器生成的。

    CCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 通过核细胞 oligomerization 组织色素结构,这对于基因组相互作用和细胞分化至关重要. 破坏CTCF相互作用会影响基因表达和细胞发育.

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    科学领域:

    • 分子生物学分子生物学
    • 基因组学就是基因组学.
    • 结构生物学 结构生物学

    背景情况:

    • 细胞DNA的组织对于基因组的稳定性,基因调节和重组是必不可少的.
    • CCCTC结合因子 (CTCF) 是一个关键蛋白质,参与染色质循环和增强剂-促进剂绝缘.
    • 在CTCF位点周围的染色质模式的确切作用仍然在很大程度上是未知的.

    研究的目的:

    • 阐明CTCF组织色素的结构机制.
    • 研究CTCF介导的高阶染色体结构的功能意义.
    • 了解CTCF相互作用在基因组组织和细胞过程中的作用.

    主要方法:

    • 电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 复制的CTCF-核体复合体.
    • 生物化学测试以评估不同DNA基质上的寡合化.
    • 细胞测试研究破坏CTCF-CTCF相互作用的影响.

    主要成果:

    • 通过基因组-基因组和CTCF-CTCF相互作用,CTCF二元化驱动核体的寡聚化成更高阶组件.
    • CTCF的寡合化取决于染色化DNA,而不是裸体DNA.
    • 破坏细胞中的CTCF-CTCF接口减少了染色质循环,并损害了细胞分化.

    结论:

    • 在CTCF位点的染色质结构对于介导远程基因组区域之间的更高阶相互作用至关重要.
    • 通过CTCF介导的染色质组织对于支持细胞类型特定的基因表达和分化至关重要.
    • CTCF-CTCF相互作用对于建立和维护基因组结构和功能至关重要.