相关实验视频
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

04:47
Obtaining Eggs from Xenopus laevis Females
Published on: August 20, 2008
15.2K
在Xenopus laevis卵细胞成熟和人工卵激活中Src 激酶活性的功能作用
Ken-Ichi Sato1, Alexander A Tokmakov2
1Laboratory of Oocyte Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.
Cells
|February 12, 2026
概括
Src家族氨酸激酶调节卵细胞成熟和受精. 在 Xenopus laevis 中,Src 激酶活性对于通过膜介导的卵子激活是必不可少的,但对于直接由诱导的激活不是必不可少的.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- Src家族氨酸激酶在不同物种的卵细胞成熟和受精中起着至关重要的作用.
- 在Xenopus laevis卵细胞中Src激酶的特定生理功能尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究Src家族氨酸激酶在Xenopus laevis中调节介质成熟和卵激活中的作用.
- 阐明通过Src酶影响这些过程的特定途径.
主要方法:
- 生成的Xenopus laevis Src (xSrc) 结构具有特定的点突变来调节酶活性 (野生类型,构成性活跃,酶负).
- 微注射的封顶mRNA编码这些结构到不成熟的卵子细胞中.
- 分析了对介质成熟 (MAPK酸化,CDK1激活,GVBD) 和人工卵激活 (对离子体,过氧化,Cathepsin B的反应) 的影响.
主要成果:
- 所有的xSrc构造都在没有诱导孕激素独立成熟的情况下得到表达.
- xSrcKA (构成活性) 卵细胞显示了加速的MAPK激活和GVBD.
- xSrcKN (阴性激酶) 卵细胞在响应膜相关信号通路 (H2O2,Cathepsin B) 时表现出减少的激活,但通过直接的Ca2+离子体正常激活.
- 在xSrcKA卵细胞中观察到特定蛋白质的酸化增加,包括~50kDa基质.
结论:
- Src 激酶活性是 Xenopus laevis. 中孕激素诱导的介质成熟的积极调节者.
- 对于特定的与膜相关的信号通路中介卵激活,需要Src 激酶活性.
- 对于由直接细胞内Ca2+升高触发的卵子激活,Src酶是不可缺少的.
相关概念视频
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
15.2K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
15.2K
Co-activators and Co-repressors
8.7K
Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
8.7K
tRNA Activation
23.1K
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
23.1K
Activation Energy
87.1K
Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy necessary for a chemical reaction to move forward. The higher the activation energy, the slower the rate of the reaction. However, adding heat to the reaction will increase the rate, since it causes molecules to move faster and increase the likelihood that molecules will collide. The collision and breaking of bonds represents the uphill phase of a reaction and generates the transition state. The transition state is an unstable high-energy state...
87.1K
Eukaryotic Transcription Activators
12.9K
Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
12.9K
Secondary Active Transport
138.2K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
138.2K

