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2D和3D视觉食中的目标切换揭示了精神努力,旅行距离和运动速度之间的权衡
Emre Orun1, Robin J Green1, Carlo De Lillo1
1School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|February 12, 2026
概括
人们增加了认知力度,在复杂的虚拟环境中寻找食物时,在目标之间更频繁地切换. 这表明一个灵活的战略,以满足环境需求,支持工作记忆理论.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人与计算机的交互
- 虚拟现实 虚拟现实 虚拟现实
背景情况:
- 像寻找物品这样的日常活动类似于食行为.
- 心理学中的视觉食任务涉及到分散注意力的多个目标的搜索.
- 高的目标切换率表明需要努力的认知策略和工作记忆的使用.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响食期间目标切换频率自发增加的因素.
- 了解环境变量如何影响食任务中的认知策略选择.
- 测试人类是否适应他们的搜索策略,以最大限度地减少在不同食环境中的精神努力.
主要方法:
- 使用2D和3D虚拟现实环境进行了五项实验.
- 环境大小,目标间距离和运动速度等变量被操纵.
- 系统评估了目标切换频率和战略变化.
主要成果:
- 在大型,沉浸式3D环境中寻找食物导致与2D视觉阵列相比更高的切换频率.
- 在2D环境中,目标之间的距离和运动速度是战略变化的关键决定因素.
- 发现距离在3D导航食中是一个比速度更关键的因素.
结论:
- 个体自发地增加认知力度 (切换频率),以满足自然主义的食任务的需求.
- 这些发现支持了灵活工作记忆模板在认知任务中的使用理论.
- 环境的复杂性和布局显著影响食策略的选择.
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