在知识网络中,创造性食和探索-开发的权衡.
Kara Kedrick1, Kyana Burhite2, Iris Vilares2
1Institute for Complex Social Dynamics, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Cognition
|February 12, 2026
概括
寻求创意的个人以不同的方式探索和利用信息. 当面对困难的问题时,人们平衡搜索广泛的主题,并专注于相关细节,以获得新的见解.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 信息科学 信息科学 信息科学
- 创造力研究 创造力研究
背景情况:
- 获取知识是动态的,是由环境,文化和科学变化所驱动的.
- 寻找信息的行为根据信息的可用性和对新奇事物的需求而适应.
- 了解个人如何在信息食中平衡探索和利用,对于学习和发现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查创意产生需求如何影响信息探索和利用策略.
- 检查创造力条件和信息食模式之间的关系.
- 确定食策略如何影响产生的想法的新性.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (N=138) 在低创造力 (完全可以回答的问题) 和高创造力 (无法回答的问题) 条件下从维基百科获取信息.
- 知识网络是使用维基百科页面访问来构建的,边缘按语义相似性加权.
- 探索 (不同页面访问) 和利用 (相关页面访问) 通过使用边缘权重和聚类系数等网络指标来量化.
主要成果:
- 在高创造力条件下,参与者在探索 (较低的平均边缘权重) 和利用 (较高的平均聚类系数) 之间展现了权衡.
- 这种勘探-开采权衡与响应新性相关,表明与原材料的差异较大.
- 与非创造性背景相比,创造性背景促使人们采用不同的食策略.
结论:
- 信息采集策略根据任务的认知需求,特别是创造力需求,动态调整.
- 探索和开发之间的平衡是产生新想法和推动科学发现的关键.
- 这项研究提供了关于学习和创新的基础认知机制的见解.
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