一种混合方法,用于评估以来源为导向的健康风险,并评估从采矿区的道路灰尘中潜在的有毒元素的缓解措施
Shuhan Tian1, Samantha C Ying2, Tao Liang3
1Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Environmental Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
矿区的道路灰尘是有毒元素的重要来源,对儿童的健康构成风险. 控制道路灰尘和车辆通行时间等缓解策略对于减少暴露和健康影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 风险评估 风险评估
背景情况:
- 采矿区的道路灰尘作为潜在有毒元素 (PTEs) 的储存库.
- 使用总污染物度的传统风险评估可能不准确.
- 了解PTE生物可访问性对于准确的健康风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估与采矿道路灰尘相关的以来源为导向的健康风险.
- 评估潜在缓解措施的有效性.
- 调查道路灰尘中PTE的生物可访问性和对健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 这是一种混合方法,结合了生物可访问性测试,正矩阵因数分解 (PMF),交通排放和分散建模以及蒙特卡洛模拟 (MCS).
- 地质积累指数 (Igeo) 计算用于评估污染水平.
- 动物模型研究PTE在吸入暴露后在器官中的积累.
主要成果:
- 与矿山相关的来源为道路尘埃中86.7%的PTE贡献.
- 儿童的平均危险指数 (HI) 超过1,表明非致癌性风险,主要来自矿山来源.
- 吸入是主要的暴露途径,PTEs在器官中积累.
- 增加的道路接触时间显著增加了健康风险.
结论:
- 采矿道路灰尘是人口暴露于PTE的关键途径.
- 有效的缓解策略是必要的,包括控制泥加载和车辆通行.
- 减少道路灰尘的再悬浮对于保护矿区的公共卫生至关重要.
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