在哺乳期荷尔斯坦奶牛的饮食中,未降解和物理有效纤维之间的关系
W A Smith1, K Ishida2, J W Darrah1
1William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, NY 12921.
Journal of dairy science
|February 12, 2026
概括
奶牛的饮食中较高的未降解的NDF (uNDF240) 和物理有效的NDF (peNDF) 含量影响了干物质摄入量和能量校正牛奶 (ECM) 产量. uNDF240和peNDF之间的相互作用影响了行为和动物发酵.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 类动物营养 类动物营养
- 牛奶牛的养 牛奶牛的养
背景情况:
- 食纤维成分,特别是物理有效的NDF (peNDF) 和在240小时的体外发酵后未降解的NDF (uNDF240),对于反动物的健康和生产力至关重要.
- 了解这些纤维部分之间的相互作用对于优化TMR配方至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同食度的NDF240和peNDF对霍尔斯坦牛干物质摄入量 (DMI),牛奶产量和成分,行为,反发酵和营养消化能力的影响.
- 为了评估纤维颗粒大小和不可降解性的综合影响,使用一种新型指标,物理有效的NNDF240 (peuNDF240).
主要方法:
- 一个复制的4 × 4拉丁方形设计与16只霍尔斯坦牛被采用,利用饮食与2 × 2的低/高nDf240和低/高peNDF的2 × 2因数排列.
- 饮食的制定是通过调整料与缩物比率和麦颗粒大小来制定.
- 测量包括DMI,牛奶产量和成分,时间,小体pH值,挥发性脂肪酸 (VFA) 和营养消化能力.
主要成果:
- 在高NDF240和高peNDF饮食的奶牛中,NDF240和peNDF之间的相互作用降低了DMI.
- 能量校正牛奶 (ECM) 生产受UNDF240和peNDF的影响,与饮食peNDF240.0相关.
- 较高的nndf240增加了小体pH值,酸与酸的比率,并减缓了nndf的周转率,而nndf对每单位dmi的食用时间和反效率产生了影响.
结论:
- 食纤维特征,特别是nndf240和pendf,显著调节乳母奶牛的dmi,ecm生产和反功能.
- 综合度量peuNDF240有效地整合了颗粒大小和纤维不可降解性,为预测动物反应提供了有价值的工具.
- 优化UNDF240和peNDF水平对于提高乳牛的消化效率和牛奶产量至关重要.
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