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酵母氨基酸感应超级复合体SEAC-EGOC的结构和功能

Lucas Tafur^1,2, Lenny Bonadei³, Yiqiang Zheng³

¹Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. ltafur@cnio.es.

Nature structural & molecular biology

|February 12, 2026

概括

与Seh1相关的复合体 (SEAC) 将氨基酸信号与细胞生长调节器TORC1.1联系起来. 它的SEACIT子综合体与EGOC结合,作为TORC1调节的关键氨基酸传感枢纽.

科学领域:

蜂信号传输是如何进行的
细胞生长调节的分子机制
氨基酸感知通路的氨基酸感知通路.

背景情况:

在哺乳动物中被称为GATOR的Seh1关联复合体 (SEAC) 对于将氨基酸可用性信号转换为拉帕米辛复合体1 (TORC1) 的目标至关重要.
SEAC包括SEACIT (GATOR1),一种TORC1抑制剂,GTPase激活蛋白 (GAP) 对Gtr1的活性,以及调节SEACIT活动的SEACAT (GATOR2).
通过SEACAT调节SEACIT的精确分子机制仍然不完全理解.

研究的目的:

使用冷电子显微镜阐明SEAC-EGOC相互作用的结构基础.
研究SEAC-EGOC复合体在氨基酸向TORC1.1.信号传输中的功能作用.
确定SEACAT内部的关键组件,特别是参与调节TORC1通路激活的Sea2.

主要方法:

低温电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 用于确定SEAC-EGOC复合物的结构.
生物化学测试以评估SEACIT的GTPase激活蛋白 (GAP) 活性.
涉及删除子单元 (例如,Sea2) 的遗传研究,以评估对氨基酸对TORC1.1信号传递的影响.

主要成果:

低温-EM结构显示,SEACIT直接与SEACAT独立的两个EGOC分子在其活性构造中结合.
SEACIT的GAP活性对于氨基酸依赖的TORC1调节至关重要,其干扰模仿了Gtr1-Gtr2缺乏的表型.
失去Sea2或其N端β螺旋域,显著损害了对TORC1的氨基酸信号传输,这表明它在招募GAP抑制剂中的作用.

结论:

该SEAC-EGOC复杂的功能作为一个中心中心,用于检测氨基酸,并将信号传输到TORC1.
海洋2β-螺旋域可能通过招募GAP抑制剂来调节TORC1的快速氨基酸信号,同时还涉及其他较慢的调节途径.

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