印度的煤炭开采:对表面煤炭开采造成的环境问题和对土壤资源的影响进行研究
Sharda Dhadse1, Shahnoor Khan2
1CSIR-NEERI: National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India. sharda.dhadse@gmail.com.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|February 12, 2026
概括
印度 印度 印度
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
背景情况:
- 煤炭开采对印度的能源至关重要,但地表开采导致了严重的土壤退化.
- 露天采矿导致表土流失,土壤结构发生变化,生育能力下降.
- 重金属污染和酸性矿井排水进一步影响土壤健康.
研究的目的:
- 审查印度煤矿地区的土壤退化情况.
- 评估当前的恢复策略和政策有效性.
- 为土壤恢复和弹性提出一个综合框架.
主要方法:
- 综合同行评审研究和官方报告.
- 使用地理空间数据分析土地利用/土地覆盖变化.
- 对拉尼甘吉煤田土壤影响的案例研究分析.
主要成果:
- 一致的上层土壤损失,增加散装密度,减少水分,以及耗尽的有机碳.
- 潜在的有毒元素 (Cr,Pb,Cd,Ni,Cu) 的广泛污染和酸性矿井排水.
- 显著的景观变化,包括息地碎片化和水文破坏.
结论:
- 技术盐,多层复植和生物修复显示出土壤恢复的前景.
- 对于矿山恢复的政策执行和生态监测是不一致的.
- 土壤恢复需要一个综合框架,包括监测和社区参与.
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