加沙:在人道主义紧急情况中重新思考和脱殖民精神健康反应
Audrey Mc Mahon1, Haneefa Merchant2, Salsabeel Alkhatib3
1International Institute of Geopsychiatry, Bern, Switzerland.
概括
在被占领的巴勒斯坦领土上长期存在的冲突造成了深刻的心理痛苦. 将这种痛苦重新定义为对系统性暴力的理性反应,与文化根深蒂固的优势相结合,是解除心理健康支持的关键.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 长期的武装冲突,如在被占领的巴勒斯坦领土,造成深刻和可预测的心理后果.
- 标准的心理健康干预往往会将根植于系统性问题的痛苦个性化和去政治化.
- 现有的模式可能无意中使等级制度永久化,并边缘化当地知识.
研究的目的:
- 将巴勒斯坦人的心理痛苦重新定义为对系统性暴力,流离失所和贫困的合理反应.
- 批判性地检查人道主义心理健康和心理社会支持 (MHPSS) 系统.
- 阐明在冲突环境下脱殖民MHPSS的实际策略.
主要方法:
- 综合关于反复暴力对心理影响的研究.
- 分析文化根深蒂固的保护因素 (家庭凝聚力,社区团结,Sumud).
- 应用解放心理学,脱殖民时期的心理健康和人权的原则.
主要成果:
- 巴勒斯坦人的困境是对占领和系统性暴力的合理反应.
- 文化特定的保护因素显著减轻了心理伤害.
- 人道主义的MHPSS系统有风险将当地知识边缘化,并延续认识体系层次结构.
结论:
- 解殖MHPSS需要本地主导的计划,互惠培训和文化固的方法.
- 可持续的,以正义为导向的心理健康需要结构性变化和团结.
- 治愈需要在临床干预的同时解决系统性不公正.
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