医疗人工智能的道德责任:半系统性主题审查和多层管理模型
Domingos Martinho1,2, Pedro Sobreiro3, Andreia Domingues1
1ISLA Santarém, Polytechnic University, Rua Dr. Teixeira Guedes, 31, 2000-029 Santarém, Portugal.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 13, 2026
概括
医疗保健中的人工智能 (AI) 带来了伦理挑战. 这项研究发现了分散的环境,强调了需要综合治理框架,以解决人工智能辅助医学的透明度,问责制和公平性.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 正在彻底改变医疗保健,改善诊断和效率.
- 这种转型引入了重要的伦理考虑,包括透明度,问责制和公平性.
- 该研究调查了在人工智能辅助医疗保健文献中,道德责任是如何被概念化和分配的.
研究的目的:
- 检查文献对人工智能辅助医疗保健中的伦理责任的概念化和分配.
- 识别当前人工智能医疗保健实践中占主导地位的伦理问题和差距.
- 为AI在医学中开发一个多层次的道德责任模型.
主要方法:
- 一个半系统的,以理论为基础的专题审查,遵循PRISMA 2020指南.
- 在主要的科学数据库 (PubMed,ScienceDirect,IEEE Xplore) 和MDPI期刊中从2020-2025年进行文献搜索.
- 分析了187项具有重要意义的研究,使用了八类伦理框架,包括透明度,问责制和患者自主权.
主要成果:
- 一个分散的道德格局,技术进步超过了监管协调和共同问责制.
- 透明度和可解释性成为主要关注点 (34.8%),在组织责任,数据公平性和患者自主性方面发现了重大差距.
- 开发一个多层次的伦理责任模型,整合临床,机构和监管层面.
结论:
- 医学中的人工智能需要强大的治理框架,使伦理原则与监管实践保持一致,并确保认识论的正义.
- 一个拟议的多维模型将AI实施的规范伦理和运营治理相结合.
- 未来的研究应该集中在经验,纵向和跨学科研究上,以评估AI对临床实践,公平和信任的影响.
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