一个混合深度学习框架,用于自动化从X射线图像中诊断牙科疾病
A A Abd El-Aziz1, Mohammed Elmogy2, Mahmood A Mahmood1
1Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.
Journal of clinical medicine
|February 13, 2026
概括
一个新的深度学习模型使用混合特征融合精确诊断X射线的牙疾病. 这种人工智能方法提高了诊断精度和可访问性,以获得更好的患者结果.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
背景情况:
- 牙疾病如牙和牙周病是全球重要的健康问题.
- 目前的诊断方法,依赖于手动的X射线解释,是主观和耗时的.
- 早期检测对于有效治疗,降低成本和预防系统性并发症至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个自动化的深度学习框架,从X射线图像中精确诊断牙科疾病.
- 提高诊断准确性和可访问性,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
- 为了提高性能,利用混合功能融合和基于序列的分类来提高性能.
主要方法:
- 一个混合功能融合框架,将手工制作的Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) 功能与DenseNet-201和Swin Transformer深度学习模型相结合.
- 使用长短期记忆 (LSTM) 分类器来学习从融合特征的顺序依赖.
- 在预处理后评估牙科放射分析和诊断 (DRAD) 数据集的框架,包括CLAHE增强.
主要成果:
- 拟议的基于LSTM的混合模型实现了高性能指标:96.47%的准确性,91.76%的特异性,94.92%的精度,91.76%的回忆力,93.14%的F1得分.
- 证明了整合手工制作和深度学习功能用于牙科图像分析的有效性.
- 该模型的性能表明了自动牙科诊断的巨大潜力.
结论:
- 开发的框架为牙科中基于图像的识别任务提供了一个灵活,可解释和高性能解决方案.
- 它可以作为未来研究混合特征融合和基于序列的分类的可复制模型.
- 这种人工智能驱动的方法有可能彻底改变牙科诊断,提高效率和患者护理.
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