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来自罗马尼亚东北部的艾滋病毒病例系列患者的渐进性多焦点白血脑病变
Isabela Ioana Loghin1,2, Marius Gabriel Dabija1,3, Narcis Valentin Tănase4,5
1Department of Infectious Diseases, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Journal of clinical medicine
|February 13, 2026
概括
渐进性多焦点白血脑病 (PML) 是一种由JC病毒 (JCV) 引起的大脑疾病,会影响免疫力低下的个体,尤其是艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者. 早期对神经症状的艾滋病毒检测和多学科护理对于管理PML至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 人类多瘤病毒JC (JCV) 导致渐进式多焦点白内障 (PML),这是致命的脱髓化脑疾病.
- 主要影响PML的免疫功能低下的个体,特别是那些未经治疗的艾滋病毒感染,由于奥利戈登德罗细胞溶性感染.
研究的目的:
- 报告一系列艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者出现PML的病例.
- 为了突出艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例与PML的并发症.
- 强调在患有神经症状的患者中早期进行艾滋病毒检测的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对住院患有艾滋病毒/艾滋病和PML的患者进行了一系列病例报告.
- 从2025年1月10日到2025年9月30日收集的数据.
- 诊断方法包括核磁共振成像 (MRI),脑脊液 (CSF) 上的聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 和免疫评估 (CD4 T细胞计数,HIV病毒载荷).
主要成果:
- 三个病例呈现出神经症状,如动力衰竭,失语症和语言障碍.
- 通过CSF的PCR实现了JCV确认.
- 免疫学评估显示,CD4 T细胞数量低,艾滋病毒病毒载量增加.
- PML被确定为艾滋病定义性疾病,发生在免疫功能低下的患者中,包括晚期呈现者和不坚持抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的患者.
结论:
- 治疗患有PML的HIV患者需要采用多学科方法,涉及神经病学专家和获得ART的机会.
- 识别和消除ART吸收障碍对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 检测所有患有艾滋病毒神经症状的患者对于及时诊断和管理至关重要.
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