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自我报告的饮食摄入量问卷和客观测量在住院跨部门研究中的相关性

Mary Thompson¹, Emma J Stinson¹, Tomás Cabeza de Baca¹

¹Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology & Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.

|February 13, 2026

概括

自我报告的饮食摄入问卷显示与实际食物消费的相关性很弱. 这种不准确性在女性中尤其明显,因为她们摄入的低脂肪食物.

科学领域:

营养科学营养科学
饮食评估饮食评估
行为科学是一种行为科学.

背景情况:

自我报告的饮食摄入量问卷经常缺乏准确性.
性,饮食行为和环境等因素可能会影响报告的摄入量.
需要客观的测量来验证自我报告方法.

研究的目的:

为了比较自我报告的饮食摄入量与客观测量的自由饮食摄入量.
根据性别和食物组组成来评估准确度的差异.
评估不同人群中饮食问卷的可靠性.

主要方法:

利用了来自279名参与者的住院数据 (1999-2023).
参与者填写了三个饮食摄入问卷,分为六组 (高脂肪,低脂肪,高复杂碳水化合物,高蛋白,高简单糖) 的77种食物.
目标摄入量通过三天的平均百分比群体摄入量来衡量;使用性相互作用的一般线性模型进行分析.

主要成果:

在客观测量摄入量和问卷评分之间观察到微弱的正相关性 (r ≤ 0.25).
发现低脂肪/高蛋白和低脂肪/高复杂碳水化合物群体与性别之间有显著的相互作用,主要在男性中.
饮食问卷显示实际摄入量与摄入量之间的关联很小,特别是在女性和低脂肪食物中.

结论:

自我报告的饮食问卷与实际的饮食摄入量关系有限.
女人,尤其是低脂肪食物,在自我报告和客观测量的摄入量之间表现出更大的差异.
需要进一步的研究来提高饮食评估工具的准确性.

关键词:

通过饮食摄入的摄入量食物频率调查问卷食物频率调查问卷性别差异的性别差异.

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