横向的基因转移和基因丢失推动了Micrarchaeota中宿主依赖的不同进化
Yang-Zhi Rao1,2,3, Yu-Xian Li2,4, Ze-Wei Li2
1State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
National science review
|February 13, 2026
概括
DPANN超族群的古生物,通常依赖宿主,显示出独立生活方式的潜力. 研究人员在Micrarchaeota中发现了暗示宿主独立的基因,从而扭转了进化假设.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和进化生物学
- 基因组学和生物信息学
背景情况:
- DPANN超级家族包括由小细胞和基因组大小特征的古生物.
- 大多数DPANN系被认为是宿主依赖的,依赖宿主生存.
- 一些DPANN系表现出显著的生物合成能力,表明潜在的宿主独立性.
研究的目的:
- 重建和分析DPANN超级族中的Micrarchaeota族的基因组.
- 为了研究Micrarchaeota系的代谢潜力和进化史.
- 探索在DPANN古物中导致宿主依赖和独立的因素.
主要方法:
- 163个Micrarchaeota基因组的基因组重建,包括新的序列.
- 对遗传资料进行生物信息分析,以识别代谢途径和基因.
- 遗传学分析用于重建进化史和基因获取事件.
主要成果:
- 重建的基因组揭示了与Norongarragalinales,Anstonellales和 Wunengiarchaeales相关的血统中的大量代谢能力.
- 确定基本分子的完整或近乎完整的糖解和新生生物合成途径.
- 在Norongarragalinales中发现假定自由生活相关基因 (pFLAG),表明潜在的宿主独立性.
结论:
- 在DPANN古物中,宿主依赖不一定是进化的终点,而且可以逆转.
- 通过横向基因转移获得pFLAG可能会促进不太依赖宿主的生活方式的进化.
- 其他Micrarchaeota血统中的简化基因组表明由热适应驱动的减少进化.
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