高强度间歇运动和中等强度持续运动对具有低社会经济地位的肥胖青少年执行功能的干预效应
1Hainan Police College, Haikou, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|February 13, 2026
概括
高强度间歇运动 (HIIE) 和中等强度连续运动 (MICE) 都可以改善肥胖青少年的执行功能和BMI. HIIE更好地降低了BMI和认知灵活性的反应时间,而MICE提高了抑制控制的准确性.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 低社会经济地位 (SES) 的青少年的肥胖与执行功能受损有关.
- 了解不同运动方式对认知功能的影响对于这一群体来说至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,运动对认知健康有好处,但在这个特定人群中,HIIE和MICE之间的直接比较是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较高强度间歇运动 (HIIE) 和中等强度连续运动 (MICE) 对执行功能的影响.
- 为了评估身体质量指数 (BMI) 的变化,以应对HIIE和MICE.
- 在来自低社会经济背景的肥胖青少年中研究这些影响.
主要方法:
- 84名患有低SES的肥胖青少年 (12-15岁) 被随机分为HIIE,MICE或对照组.
- 干预组参与了12周的运动 (每周3次,每次60分钟);HIIE涉及有氧/无氧联合训练,MICE涉及户外慢跑.
- 执行功能 (抑制控制,工作记忆,认知灵活性) 通过使用特定任务进行评估;BMI和心率被监测.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,HIIE和MICE都显著改善了抑制控制,工作记忆和认知灵活性.
- MICE组在抑制控制精度上显示出更大的增加 (p=0.029),而HIIE组在认知灵活性反应时间上显示出更显著的减少 (p=0.007).
- HIIE组的BMI明显低于MICE (p=0.027) 和对照组;MICE组的BMI也低于对照组 (p=0.008).
结论:
- 无论是HIIE还是MICE都是有效的干预措施,用于改善低SES的肥胖青少年的执行功能和BMI.
- HIIE在降低BMI和提高认知灵活性反应时间方面显示出优势.
- 在提高抑制控制的准确性方面,MICE是优越的.
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