聋和听力问题及其与自闭症谱系障碍的关联 诊断和症状
Nicole M Talge1,2, Sarah A Keim3,4,5, Samrawit F Yisahak3
1Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
|February 13, 2026
概括
听力问题在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童中更为常见,特别是那些症状严重或同时出现智力障碍 (ID) 的儿童. 需要进一步的研究来了解这些关联的根本原因.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 在自闭症中感官处理.
背景情况:
- 在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中经常观察到听力问题.
- 在以人口为基础的ASD样本中对听力问题的表征和考虑症状异质性是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 检查聋或听力问题 (DPHs) 与ASD之间的关联.
- 调查DPH与ASD症状严重程度,智力障碍 (ID) 和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 共同发生的关系.
主要方法:
- 从国家儿童健康调查 (2016-2020年) 中对跨部分护理人员报告的数据进行分析.
- 包括3至17岁的美国儿童在内,数据包括DPH和ASD (n=150,327).
- 权重后勤回归用于评估DPH和ASD诊断之间的关联,症状严重程度和同时出现的疾病 (ID,ADHD),因性别和早产而改变效果.
主要成果:
- 聋或听力问题 (DPHs) 与ASD诊断的几率增加有关 (OR=2.7).
- 对于中度/严重的ASD症状 (OR=3.5),同时出现的ID (OR=5.0-8.6),以及同时出现的ADHD (OR=4.3) 的相关性更为强烈.
- 这些发现在女性中更为明显,在调整后仍然存在,但未因早产而改变.
结论:
- 耳聋或听力问题与自闭症严重相关,特别是在出现严重症状和同时出现智力障碍的情况下.
- 这种关系可能涉及感官,认知或动机因素,或剩余的混.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明驱动ASD中DPH的机制.
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