尼古丁口香产品的质地硬度和热力学特性
Pashupati Pokharel1, Floyd T Francis1, Fadi Aldeek1
1Altria Client Services, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Journal of texture studies
|February 13, 2026
概括
这项研究描述了尼古丁口香的特性,发现纹理和热行为因品牌和风味而异. 这些差异与消费者看法相关,有助于开发口服烟草衍生尼古丁 (OTDN) 替代品的产品.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 口服烟草衍生尼古丁 (OTDN) 产品,包括尼古丁口香,正在成为传统烟草的替代品. 了解它们的物理特性对于质量控制和产品开发至关重要.
- 尼古丁口香在成年尼古丁使用者中很受欢迎,作为一种潜在的降低风险产品,需要详细描述.
研究的目的:
- 为了全面描述三种商用不同口味的4mg尼古丁口香糖品牌的纹理硬度和热力学性能.
- 建立测量物理属性和消费者认知之间的相关性,以指导产品开发和质量保证.
主要方法:
- 差分扫描热量计 (DSC) 和热重量计分析 (TGA) 用于评估热性质.
- 动态机械分析 (DMA) 和纹理分析评估了机械性能,包括纹理硬度和粘性弹性.
- 使用一阶多项式推理,将纹理硬度与存储模量相关联.
主要成果:
- DSC揭示了品牌之间明显的融化行为,表明牙矩阵结晶度的变化受到成分和香料的影响.
- 纹理硬度和粘弹性分析发现,在测试的尼古丁牙中,抗性存在显著差异.
- 在纹理硬度和存储模块之间发现了强烈的相关性 (R2 = 0.90),使得预测建模成为可能.
结论:
- 尼古丁口香的热力学和纹理特性在品牌和口味之间有很大差异.
- 这些物理特征与消费者认知一致,为口服尼古丁产品的产品开发和质量控制提供了宝贵的见解.
- 纹理硬度和储存模块之间的确定的相关性为优化尼古丁口香糖配方提供了一个预测工具.
相关概念视频
01:25Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate
703
Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...
703
01:15Cholinergic Receptors: Nicotinic
5.8K
Nicotinic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by acetylcholine and nicotine. Upon activation, they cause a rapid increase in the permeability of cells to K+, Na+, and Ca2+, followed by depolarization and excitation. They are in the autonomic ganglia, skeletal neuromuscular junction, CNS, and adrenal medulla.
There are two types of nicotinic receptors: neuromuscular (NM/NM/N1) and neuronal (NN/NN/N2). The two families differ based on their location and selectivity to...
There are two types of nicotinic receptors: neuromuscular (NM/NM/N1) and neuronal (NN/NN/N2). The two families differ based on their location and selectivity to...
5.8K
01:22Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate
643
Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in...
643
02:57Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
167.5K
The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties.
167.5K
01:27CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
1.3K
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
1.3K
02:58Properties of Transition Metals
30.1K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
30.1K