将基因组预测集成到应用的中欧小麦育种计划中
Lars Erik Thomsen1,2, Yusheng Zhao1, Ulrike Avenhaus3
1Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3 OT Gatersleben, 06466, Seeland, Germany.
概括
在小麦育种中,基因组选择在使用中到后期阶段的数据时是最准确的,特别是对于复杂的特征. 优化训练集可以提高预测准确度,从而实现更快的遗传收益.
科学领域:
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 基因组预测对于加速植物育种中的遗传收益至关重要.
- 准确的基因组预测取决于数据质量,样本大小和多样性等因素.
- 了解繁殖阶段如何影响预测准确度对于优化小麦改进至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估表型数据质量,样本大小和繁殖阶段的多样性对冬季面包小麦基因组预测准确性的影响.
- 为了比较预测能力在不同的繁殖阶段内和在不同的繁殖阶段.
- 在小麦育种计划中确定基因组选择的最佳策略.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自冬季面包小麦育种计划的广泛的表型数据 (57,000块) 和基因型数据 (6,228个基因型,7,000个SNP).
- 实施了基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (GBLUP) 模型.
- 在三个场景中测试了预测能力:在繁殖阶段内,跨繁殖阶段,以及高级基因型.
主要成果:
- 与早期阶段数据相比,在中期或晚期表型数据上训练的模型对大多数特征产生了更高的预测准确度.
- 结合中期和后期阶段的数据,显著改善了对谷物产量和黄抗性等复杂特征的预测.
- 基因组选择有效地减少了代代间隔和成本,增加了小麦育种中的遗传收益.
结论:
- 平衡遗传性和种群规模是有效基因组预测的关键.
- 先进的育种阶段和全面的培训套件对于准确的预测至关重要,特别是对于复杂的特征.
- 基因组选择是提高现代小麦育种计划效率和遗传进步的基本工具.
相关概念视频
01:27Substitution Rule Applied to Indefinite Integrals
106
When a force is applied to a linear spring, the restoring force increases proportionally with the amount of displacement. This behavior is described by Hooke’s law, which allows the work done on the spring to be determined directly from the force–displacement relationship. In this case, the force varies in a simple and predictable manner, making the calculation relatively simple.On the other hand, a nonlinear spring does not obey Hooke’s law. Its restoring force depends on...
106
01:24Substitution Rule Applied to Definite Integrals
95
When evaluating a definite integral whose integrand matches the structure of a composite function, the substitution method provides an efficient way to simplify the calculation. This method is based on reversing the chain rule from differentiation, allowing a complicated expression to be rewritten in a simpler form. When the integrand contains an inner function and its derivative, substitution naturally reduces the complexity of the problem.The core idea of substitution for definite integrals...
95
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
21.9K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
21.9K
02:02Genomics
40.9K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
40.9K
02:27Predicting Molecular Geometry
46.1K
VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
46.1K
01:25The Central Dogma
140.1K
Overview
140.1K