相关概念视频
Predicting Molecular Geometry
46.2K
VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
46.2K
Positive Regulator Molecules
136.6K
To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
136.6K
Prediction Intervals
3.4K
The interval estimate of any variable is known as the prediction interval. It helps decide if a point estimate is dependable.
However, the point estimate is most likely not the exact value of the population parameter, but close to it. After calculating point estimates, we construct interval estimates, called confidence intervals or prediction intervals. This prediction interval comprises a range of values unlike the point estimate and is a better predictor of the observed sample value, y.
However, the point estimate is most likely not the exact value of the population parameter, but close to it. After calculating point estimates, we construct interval estimates, called confidence intervals or prediction intervals. This prediction interval comprises a range of values unlike the point estimate and is a better predictor of the observed sample value, y.
3.4K
Position-effect Variegation
7.1K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.1K
Serial Position Effect
567
The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
567
Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value
1.4K
In healthcare diagnostics, laboratory tests play a crucial role in identifying and diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. However, interpreting test results is not always straightforward. An abnormal test result does not always confirm the presence of a disease, just as a normal result does not guarantee its absence. To assess the reliability of these diagnostic tools, healthcare practitioners rely on two key statistical indicators: sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity is the...
Sensitivity is the...
1.4K
您也可能阅读
相关文章
通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。
排序
Same author
Endoscopic screening for colorectal cancer: efficacy versus effectiveness.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute·2026
Same author
Performance of multiple multi-cancer detection tests using a large independent reference set (Alliance A212102).
Journal of the National Cancer Institute·2026
Same author
Cohort Profile: The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
International journal of epidemiology·2025
Same author
Framework to Select Multi-Cancer Detection Assays in the National Cancer Institute's Vanguard Study.
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·2025
Same author
Navigating Complexity: Perspectives on Risk Assessment in the Era of New Blood-Based Tests for Early Cancer Detection.
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2025
Same author
Perceptions of Multicancer Detection Tests Among Primary Care Physicians and Laypersons: A Qualitative Study.
Cancer medicine·2024
Same journal
Cost-benefit analysis of an organized community-based multi-cancer screening program in Bangladesh.
Journal of medical screening·2026
Same journal
Response to: Adjusting for non-compliance and contamination with a more plausible assumption.
Journal of medical screening·2026
Same journal
Response to Takahashi regarding Bestwick and Wald: Mischaracterisation of evidence in prostate cancer screening.
Journal of medical screening·2026
Same journal
No-cost envelope modification improves fecal immunochemical test laboratory acceptance in a US Veterans Affairs colorectal cancer screening trial.
Journal of medical screening·2026
Same journal
Prostate cancer screening: The level of the evidence hierarchy.
Journal of medical screening·2026
Same journal
Prediction model to prioritize colorectal cancer screening with visual colonoscopy.
Journal of medical screening·2026
多种癌症检测测试的积极预测值指标.
Paul F Pinsky1, Elyse M LeeVan1, Christos Patriotis1
1Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Journal of medical screening
|February 13, 2026
概括
多种癌症检测 (MCD) 测试需要灵活的正预测值 (PPV) 定义. 临床背景决定了哪个PPV指标对评估MCD测试性能最有用.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 多种癌症检测 (MCD) 测试对多种癌症类型进行查,通常提供预测的癌症信号来源 (CSO).
- 阳性预测值 (PPV) 是用于单一癌症查的标准度量,但需要适应MCD测试.
研究的目的:
- 定义和评估MCD测试的各种PPV指标.
- 创建一个原型的MCD测试来评估PPV属性.
- 分析非目标部位敏感性对PPV的影响.
主要方法:
- 定义的PPV指标,包括PPVALL,PPVT和PPVCSO,基于不同的分数/分母群.
- 利用病例控制研究数据和人口发病率来建模MCD测试性能 (灵敏度,特异性,CSO准确性).
- 为原型的MCD测试计算PPV,用于针对非向癌症部位的一系列敏感度.
主要成果:
- PPVALL增加,而PPVT降低,对非向癌症部位的敏感性更高.
- 特定地点的PPV更依赖于CSO的准确性,而不是癌症发病率.
- 选择PPV定义显著影响MCD测试性能的解释.
结论:
- 多个PPV定义适用于MCD测试,每个都有独特的含义.
- 不同的PPV的临床效用取决于具体的临床情景和预期用途.
- 在MCD测试开发人员和临床医生之间进行清晰的沟通对于选择和报告适当的PPV指标至关重要.


