德国艾滋病毒感染者癌症临床流行病学:回顾性,观察性,多中心联合索赔数据分析
Bastian Reiter1,2, Stefanie Andreas1,3, Linnea Schumann1
1Institute for Digital Medicine and Clinical Data Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Marienburgstrasse 6 Haus 97E / 2. OG, Frankfurt am Main, 60528, Germany, 49 15201483680.
JMIR public health and surveillance
|February 13, 2026
概括
癌症诊断和死亡率随着时间的推移在德国艾滋病毒感染者中下降. 然而,与HIV阴性患者相比,癌症治疗和治疗结果的差异仍然存在,需要量身定制的护理策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 面临癌症风险增加,这是导致死亡的主要原因.
- 在PLWH的癌症管理需要专门的,跨学科的护理.
- 关于在德国为PLWH提供癌症护理的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 分析德国PLWH的住院癌症护理.
- 将PLWH与癌症和HIV阴性癌症患者之间的治疗模式和并发症进行比较.
- 识别护理差异,以改善癌症管理策略.
主要方法:
- 利用联合方法分析来自德国3所大学医院 (2005-2022) 的住院患者索赔数据.
- 包括人口统计,诊断,程序,治疗规范和出院信息.
- 用近邻匹配来比较PLWH与癌症与HIV阴性癌症患者.
主要成果:
- 分析了162,380名患者,其中907名 (0.6%) 患有艾滋病毒和癌症.
- 癌症诊断,特别是艾滋病定义癌症,随着时间的推移而下降 (P=.001,P=.002).
- 患有癌症的PLWH经历了更长的住院时间,更多的化疗后并发症 (15.6%与5.5%,P<.001),以及更高的转移率 (47.9%与33.8%,P<.001).
- 患有癌症的PLWH患者的住院死亡率随着时间的推移而下降 (P=.02),但仍然较高.
- 与对照组相比,患有癌症的PLWH接受了更多的化疗和免疫疗法,并接受了较少的手术.
结论:
- 在德国的PLWH中,癌症诊断和死亡率下降.
- 尽管有所改善,但癌症治疗和结果的显著差异仍然存在于PLWH.
- 定制的,多学科的护理策略对于优化PLWH癌症管理至关重要.
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