儿童多动症认知训练的可转移性:补救和补偿方法的比较
Azin Sarraj Khorrami1, Jalil Fathabadi1, Vahid Nejati1
1Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Acta psychologica
|February 13, 2026
概括
像注意力和记忆的注意力康复 (ARAM) 和执行功能培训计划 (PETRA) 这样的认知培训计划有效地改善了学龄前儿童的ADHD症状和认知技能. 这两项干预都显示出在各个领域的积极转移效应.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 显著影响学龄前儿童的行为和认知功能.
- 认知训练干预措施为改善执行功能和减少多动症症状提供了潜在的途径.
研究的目的:
- 评估ADHD学龄前儿童注意力和记忆恢复 (ARAM) 和执行功能培训计划 (PETRA) 的有效性.
- 评估这些干预措施后行为症状和认知功能的改善.
- 检查ARAM和PETRA在不同领域的转移效应.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及47名被诊断患有多动症的学龄前儿童.
- 参与者被分配到ARAM,PETRA或对照组.
- 评估了行为结果 (BRIEF,ADHD-SC4) 和认知功能 (白天/夜间冲动,失踪扫描测试,跟踪测试).
主要成果:
- 两组ARAM和PETRA都在抑制控制,注意力转移,记忆,计划和情绪调节方面显著改善.
- 在两个干预组中都观察到ADHD症状的持续减少.
- 在Function,Implement,Ecology,Level和Duration领域中发现了转移效应,PETRA显示了更大的效应大小.
结论:
- ARAM和PETRA是有效的认知干预措施,用于改善执行功能,并减少 ADHD 的学龄前儿童的行为症状.
- 这两种干预措施都促进了技能在不同领域的可转移性.
- 与ARAM相比,PETRA可能提供更广泛的转移效应.
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