建立抽象事件表示需要语言模型吗?
Irene Canudas-Grabolosa1, Madeline Quam2, Marie Coppola2
1Harvard University, Department of Psychology, William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Cognition
|February 13, 2026
概括
语言学习对于形成事件概念可能并不必不可少. 即使没有先前存在的语言,个人也可以开发通用两位关系的抽象表示,展示先天的认知能力.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 认知发展的一个关键辩论是,语言是否仅仅表达了现有的事件概念,还是积极塑造了它们的形成.
- 新兴研究表明,像通用两位关系 (如"猫推子") 这样的抽象概念可能需要接触语言结构 (过渡性句子) 来表示它们.
- 这就提出了语言学习在构建这些基本事件概念方面起着至关重要的作用的可能性.
研究的目的:
- 这项研究调查了没有接触正式语言的个体 (成年家庭签名者) 是否能够构建通用两位关系的抽象表示.
- 这项研究旨在测试一种假设,即语言对于这些事件概念的发展是必要的.
主要方法:
- 成年家庭用手势和说英语的五岁儿童参与了一项非语言模仿任务.
- 参与者观察了三种通用事件的实例,然后被要求使用雕像来执行新的事件实例.
- 绩效的评估是基于事件中的对象角色的准确映射,将家庭指标与儿童组进行比较.
主要成果:
- 成年家庭签名者和五岁的孩子都成功地代表了两位参与者条件中的通用两位关系.
- 参与者始终将正确的雕像与他们在事件中的各自角色相匹配.
- 在homesigner和英语儿童组之间没有发现显著差异,也没有在不同类型的事件中发现显著差异.
结论:
- 成人家居设计师具有必要的代表性能力,可以在活动概念中发挥作用.
- 一般的两地关系的抽象表示可以独立于接触到先前存在的语言或已建立的语言惯例而出现.
- 这些发现挑战了语言是构建基本事件概念的先决条件的概念.
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