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埃塞俄比亚的基本新生儿护理实践和决定因素:对国家调查数据的多层次分析
Tesfaye Shumet Mekonnen1, Amare Mebrat Delie2, Mickiale Hailu3
1Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia tesfayeshumet@gmail.com.
BMJ open
|February 13, 2026
概括
埃塞俄比亚的基本新生儿护理 (ENC) 实践很低,只有32.1%的母亲遵守了世卫组织的关键建议. 提供卫生设施和赋予母亲权力对于改善新生儿健康结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 基本新生儿护理 (ENC) 实践对于降低新生儿死亡率至关重要.
- 埃塞俄比亚在实现最佳ENC覆盖面方面面临挑战,影响新生儿生存率.
研究的目的:
- 确定埃塞俄比亚基本新生儿护理 (ENC) 实践的普遍性.
- 确定影响埃塞俄比亚母亲采用ENC实践的关键决定因素.
主要方法:
- 对埃塞俄比亚2023年行动绩效监测 (PMA) 调查数据进行横截面分析.
- 包括1933名母亲,对世卫组织推的5种ENC实践的完整数据.
- 采用多阶段分层集群采样,以确保国家代表性.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,ENC实践的流行率为32.1%,即时干燥 (95.4%) 和延迟洗 (87.3%) 的覆盖率很高.
- 皮肤接触 (53.6%) 和清洁带护理 (64.5%) 的覆盖率较低.
- ENC的重要预测因素包括医疗机构的分娩 (AOR=106.00),母亲的配偶地位 (AOR=2.88),平价 (AOR=2.00-3.39),以及缺乏产后护理 (AOR=0.56). 区域差异被发现,南方国家,民族和人民地区的做法较低 (AOR=0.31).
结论:
- 在埃塞俄比亚,基本新生儿护理 (ENC) 实践的流行率仍然很低,这突显了严重的公共卫生问题.
- 提供卫生设施,赋予母亲权力,平等和地理区域是ENC采用的重要决定因素.
- 干预措施应侧重于加强以设施为基础的分娩,促进母亲赋权,解决区域不平等问题,以改善新生儿健康和实现可持续发展目标3.
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