预测关于心灵漫游的元认知判断的影响
Adrian B Safati1, Daniel Smilek2
1Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. absafati@uwaterloo.ca.
Attention, perception & psychophysics
|February 13, 2026
概括
预测元认知判断,就像心灵流浪探测器一样,可以减少心灵流浪和任务性能. 知道这些探测器何时发生,会积极影响注意力控制.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 注意力控制对于任务执行至关重要.
- 超认知判断,例如报告心灵流浪,可以影响认知过程.
- 对超认知需求对注意力的预测效应尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查预测元认知判断是否会影响注意力参与.
- 检查有线与无线体验采样探测器对思维流浪和任务执行的影响.
主要方法:
- 两个实验 (N=121,121) 使用了一种计量器响应任务.
- 一个带有视觉时间线的条件表明即将到来的迷思探测器.
- 这与未加热探头的情况进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 视觉线索信号探测器定时显著减少了心灵流浪.
- 随着探测器在指令状态下接近,任务性能下降.
- 对元认知判断的预测重新分配了认知资源,抑制了思维漫游和任务处理.
结论:
- 预测元认知需求可以积极调节注意力过程.
- 报告经验的期望影响了认知资源的分配.
- 这凸显了元认知在主动注意力控制中的作用.
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