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肠道细菌的O-脱甲基化调节了系统性暴露于口服埃托胺的情况
Ashutosh Tripathi1, Toe Ein Kyawt2, Jongoh Shin3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Gut microbes
|February 13, 2026
概括
肠道微生物可以O-脱甲基化药物,改变它们的作用. 这项研究发现64种药物中的35种药物中O-脱甲基化活性,包括埃托,影响其疗效和毒性.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 药物新陈代谢 药物新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 对于饮食化合物而言,已知肠道微生物O-脱甲基化,但其在药物代谢中的作用尚不清楚.
- 许多临床使用的药物含有易受微生物作用的O-甲基化芳香结构.
研究的目的:
- 调查肠道微生物O-脱甲基化在口服药物的新陈代谢和处置中的患病率和重要性.
- 描述肠道细菌对埃托的O-脱甲基化及其对药物毒性和药理动学的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用高分辨率质谱仪 (HRMS) 选了64种口服药物用于肠道微生物O-脱甲基化.
- 使用HRMS和NMR光谱学识别和表征O-脱甲基化代谢物.
- 测试了56种肠道细菌物种的O-脱甲基化活性,以对抗埃托波西德.
- 评估了埃托化物代谢产品的基因毒性和细胞毒性.
- 在对照和抗生素治疗小鼠中进行了比较性药理学研究.
主要成果:
- 在64种测试药物中,在35种药物中检测到O-脱甲基化,包括etoposide.
- 确定了以太化物甲基醇作为以太化物的O-脱甲基化代谢物 (M1).
- 鉴定出有7种细菌物种具有以太化物O-脱甲基化活性.
- 在体内,M1对髓状细胞的基因毒性增加,但在体内与埃托相比,对癌细胞的细胞毒性降低.
- 抗生素治疗增加了1.9倍的埃托波西德暴露,并减少了3.7倍的M1暴露,表明显著的微生物影响.
结论:
- 肠道细菌具有广泛的O-脱甲基化活性,影响药物代谢和处置.
- 肠道微生物O-脱甲基化埃托胺有助于其二次遗传毒性,并影响其药理动力学特征.
- 这项研究为了解肠道微生物群如何影响药物的疗效和毒性提供了基础.
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