长期饮食和身体组成和骨矿物质密度的变化:系统性审查和元分析
Jana Jabbour1, Zeinab Issa2, Tala Jaafar1
1Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Nutrition reviews
|February 14, 2026
概括
高脂肪,低碳水化合物饮食与适度的宏观营养素饮食相比,轻微减少了脂肪质量. 饮食对身体组成和骨矿物质密度的长期影响需要进一步进行高质量的研究.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 饮食干预 饮食干预
背景情况:
- 不同饮食对身体组成 (BC) 和骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 的长期影响尚未得到充分证实.
- 肥胖和相关的代谢障碍需要了解饮食对身体组成和骨健康的影响.
- 系统审查登记:PROSPERO no. 系统审查登记:PROSPERO no. 在CRD42018103116.6.0中,我们可以使用CRD42018103116.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估减肥诱导饮食干预对身体组成和骨矿物质密度的长期影响 (≥12个月).
- 为了比较不同饮食模式的有效性,包括适度的宏观营养素 (MM),低脂肪/高碳水化合物 (LFHC) 和高脂肪/低碳水化合物 (HFLC) 饮食.
- 评估这些饮食对脂肪质量,肌肉质量和骨矿物质密度的影响,在体重指数 (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2的成年人中.
主要方法:
- 在Medline,Embase,PubMed和Cochrane图书馆数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括持续时间≥12个月的随机对照试验 (RCT),重点关注BMI≥25 kg/m2的成年参与者.
- 数据提取和偏差风险评估独立进行,并重复进行,并使用RevMan 5.3.3进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 包括23个RCT,其中大多数具有高或不清楚的偏差风险和持续12个月的干预.
- 高脂肪,低碳水化合物 (HFLC) 饮食显示,与中度宏观营养素 (MM) 饮食 (MD,-2.88公斤) 相比,脂肪质量略有减少.
- 在MM饮食和常规饮食 (UD) 之间,以及HFLC和LFHC饮食之间,没有观察到脂肪量减少的显著差异. 关于骨矿物质密度的数据很少,高蛋白饮食的潜在益处被指出.
结论:
- 高脂肪,低碳水化合物饮食与适度的宏观营养素饮食相比,在减少脂肪质量方面提供了适度的好处.
- 饮食干预措施在其他身体组成参数中没有显著差异,有关骨矿物质密度的数据仍然有限.
- 进一步进行高质量的长期随机对照试验至关重要,以澄清各种饮食对身体组成和骨矿物质密度的影响.
相关概念视频
Composite Bodies
1.4K
A composite body is a body made up of multiple parts, connected to form a larger, unified object. Each part has its own weight and center of gravity, which must be considered to determine the center of gravity of the composite body. In cases where the density or specific weight is constant, the center of gravity coincides with the centroid.
Composite bodies have widespread applications in mechanical engineering, from automobiles to aircraft to rockets. For example, an automobile wheel comprises...
Composite bodies have widespread applications in mechanical engineering, from automobiles to aircraft to rockets. For example, an automobile wheel comprises...
1.4K
Composition of Body Fluids
2.7K
Water functions as a solvent accommodating various solutes, which can be categorized under electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Non-electrolytes are usually held together by covalent bonds, restricting them from dissociating in solution, thereby leading to a lack of electrically charged components upon dissolving in water. They are predominantly organic molecules, such as glucose, creatinine, and urea. Electrolytes, on the other hand, are compounds that can break down into ions in water.
2.7K
Essential Minerals for Bone Health
6.6K
The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
6.6K
Water and Mineral Acquisition
35.9K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
35.9K
Review and Preview
8.4K
In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
Review and Preview
11.6K
Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.6K


