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根据估计的育种价值改善选择的策略.

Torsten Pook1, Azadeh Hassanpour2, Tobias A M Niehoff3

  • 1Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands. torsten.pook@wur.nl.

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优化育种计划需要平衡遗传收益和多样性. 结合诸如最佳贡献选择和等位基因频率权重等策略,可显著提高长期遗传收益,同时降低内生繁殖率.

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科学领域:

  • 动物育种和遗传学动物育种和遗传学
  • 定量遗传学 是一种定量遗传学.
  • 人口遗传学 人口遗传学

背景情况:

  • 传统选择最大限度地利用估计的繁殖值 (EBV) 来实现短期遗传收益.
  • 长期的遗传收益和维护多样性需要更复杂的策略.
  • 这项研究比较了使用MoBPS模拟软件的选择策略.

研究的目的:

  • 为了比较长期遗传收益和多样性的现有和新的选择策略.
  • 评估不同遗传多样性管理技术的影响.
  • 为了确定育种计划的最佳策略组合.

主要方法:

  • 利用MoBPS模拟软件进行统一的测试管道.
  • 基于EBV进行比较的截断选择,并加重等位基频率.
  • 将平均亲属关系纳入选择指数中.
  • 采用进化算法来优化组合策略的权重.

主要成果:

  • 按等位基因频率加权SNP效应使长期收益增加1.6%,并减少了亲生繁殖16.2%,短期损失.
  • 在选择指数中包括平均亲属关系,长期收益增加了4.3%,在没有短期损失的情况下,内生繁殖减少了15.8%.
  • 综合策略 (最佳贡献选择,等位基频率加权,平均亲属关系,避免相关交配,较低的选择比例) 实现了5.1%的更大收益和37.3%的更低的内生繁殖.

结论:

  • 遗传多样性管理的综合策略明显优于单一方法.
  • 实施这些策略不一定需要短期的遗传收益损失.
  • 整合多样性管理对于繁殖公司的长期成功至关重要.