在2,045个基因型的牛胚胎囊中,体积和马赛克的发生率
Carla Canedo-Ribeiro1, Darren K Griffin1, Kevin D Sinclair2
1School of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom.
概括
牛胚胎马赛克,细胞具有不同的染色体构成,发生率与人类胚胎相似. 这项研究分析了2,045个牛胚胎囊,在25.6%的无胚胎胚胎中发现了马赛克.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 染色体异常是哺乳动物胚胎发育停止的主要原因.
- 胚胎马赛克,正常和异常细胞的混合体,在人类身上得到了很好的证据,但在牛身上却不那么多.
- 之前关于马赛克的牛研究是有限的,主要集中在性别染色体上.
研究的目的:
- 确定牛胚胎囊中的染色体马赛克的发生率和特征.
- 为了比较牛胚胎中的马赛克率与人类胚胎中观察到的马赛克率.
- 评估单核酸多态性 (SNP) 基因型鉴定对于牛胚胎中的形性和马赛克性查的有用性.
主要方法:
- 以SNP为基础的方法对2,045个牛胚胎囊的基因型进行了回顾性分析.
- 马赛克胚胎的分类是基于内部细胞质量和 trofhectoderm ploidy 或 aneuploidy 百分比 (20-80%) 的差异.
- 染色体异常类型,发病率和起源的分析 (父性与后胚性).
主要成果:
- 在牛胚胎囊中观察到15.2%的整体形积分发病率.
- 马赛克主义存在于25.6%的无胚胎胚胎中.
- 马赛克主义最常见于多个染色体错误的胚胎 (87.5%) 和细分动脉 (50.0%).
- 细分性形形状症显示出马赛克主义的最高发病率 (48.1%).
- 父亲起源 (44.9%) 和后阴位错误 (37.3%) 是马赛克主义的主要原因.
结论:
- 牛胚胎中马赛克的发生率与人类胚胎中的发生率相当.
- 用于基因组估计的繁殖值的SNP基因型定型数据可以同时选牛胚胎中的 ploidy 和mosaicism.
- 了解马赛克主义对于改善牛的生殖效率和遗传选择至关重要.
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