能力是一种价值:在产前护理中相互参与模式的局限性
1Department of Writing Arts, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA.
Journal of genetic counseling
|February 16, 2026
概括
产前遗传咨询师在相互参与模式 (REM) 中应对能力主义方面面临挑战. 引入修辞式的辅导模式可以帮助解决患者的价值观和对残疾人社区的专业承诺.
科学领域:
- 基因咨询 基因咨询
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 产前遗传咨询师对患者和更广泛的社区有道德义务,包括残疾人.
- 国家遗传咨询师协会 (NSGC) 在其2024年残疾地位声明中谴责能力主义.
- 在遗传咨询中占主导地位的互惠参与模式 (REM) 可能会无意中延续能力主义,优先考虑患者价值,而不是专业承诺.
研究的目的:
- 评估相互参与模型 (REM) 在产前遗传咨询中解决能力问题的局限性.
- 提出一种替代或补充的咨询方法,以更好地维护有关残疾的专业价值观.
- 探索将修辞策略整合到遗传咨询实践中,以打击能力主义.
主要方法:
- 在产前遗传咨询和能力主义的背景下,对互惠参与模型 (REM) 的批判性分析.
- 审查现有关于教育在打击能力主义等根深蒂固的价值体系中的有效性研究.
- 建议一种"修辞模式"的辅导,从古典修辞中汲取,作为一种补充的方法.
主要成果:
- 通过将能力主义视为信息缺陷,并优先考虑患者价值观,REM可能无法有效地消除能力主义.
- 仅靠教育是不足以拆除能力主义,因为它是根深蒂固的信念和实践.
- 在试图支持患者时,REM可能会导致辅导员无意中支持能力主义.
结论:
- 产前遗传咨询师需要超越REM的增强策略,以有效地解决能力问题.
- 辅导的"修辞模式"可以帮助辅导员表达反能力主义的立场,并促进患者对残疾的审议.
- 整合修辞方法可以帮助平衡患者支持与对残疾人社区的专业义务.
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