构建WAIS-5的有效性:对20个主要和次要子测试的补充探索和确认因素分析
Gary L Canivez1, Marley W Watkins2, Ryan J McGill3
1Department of Psychology, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, USA.
Assessment
|February 16, 2026
概括
韦克斯勒成人智能尺度第五版 (WAIS-5) 的结构与其手册有所不同. 独立分析表明,全尺度智商主要估计一般智力 (g),而不是不同的认知因素.
科学领域:
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 情报测试 情报测试 情报测试
背景情况:
- 韦克斯勒成人智力量表第五版 (WAIS-5) 是一种广泛使用的智力测试.
- 它的技术手册提出了一个特定的潜伏因子结构.
- 这种结构的独立验证对于准确的解释至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 独立评估WAIS-5的潜在因子结构.
- 将经验发现与WAIS-5手册中提出的结构进行比较.
- 为WAIS-5的解释提供基于证据的指导.
主要方法:
- 使用施密德和莱曼程序进行分层探索性因子分析 (EFA).
- 在WAIS-5标准化样本 (N = 2,020) 上进行确认因素分析 (CFA).
- 对20个WAIS-5初级和二级子测试的描述性统计数据的分析.
主要成果:
- EFA不支持五个不同的潜伏因素;支持一个合并视觉空间和流体推理的四个因素模型.
- 这种四因素模型是由一般智力 (g) 因素主导的,类似于WAIS-IV.
- 据CFA证实,一个具有四个组因子的双因素模型是最适合的,与EFA的结果保持一致.
结论:
- 经验 WAIS-5 结构与其技术手册中所谓的模型不一致.
- 这些发现复制了以前对儿童智力尺度第五版 (WISC-V) 的独立评估.
- 全尺度智商 (FSIQ) 首先应被解释为对心理测量一般智能的估计 (g).
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