人类DNA聚合酶 η是通过相互排斥的单一-ubiquitination和单一-NEDDylation来调节的
Natália C Moreno1,2, Emilie J Korchak3, Marcela T Latancia1
1Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3371, United States.
Nucleic acids research
|February 16, 2026
概括
DNA聚合酶eta (Pol η) 是由类似于乌比奎丁的蛋白NEDD8.8调节的. 这种单NEDDylation阻止Pol η在紫外线照射的细胞中形成焦点,影响转化DNA合成.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- DNA聚合酶eta (Pol η) 是一种Y家族转化聚合酶,对于在紫外线损坏的模板中修复DNA至关重要.
- 通过PCNA DNA的单基因化,通过其PCNA相互作用蛋白质动机和C端基因结合指 (UBZ) 域,Pol η被招募到复制叉中.
- 之前的研究表明,Pol η在C端的氨酸残留物中经历单基化,这取决于UBZ域的基结合.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究DNA聚合酶eta (Pol η) 通过类似于ubiquitin的蛋白质的修饰.
- 为了阐明Pol η活动对DNA损伤的反应的调节机制.
主要方法:
- 通过使用类似于乌比奎丁的蛋白质NEDD8.8进行研究的Pol η修饰.
- 分析了UBZ域在NEDD8结合和Pol η修改中的作用.
- 研究了COP9信号酶抑制对Pol η单NEDDylation的影响.
- 评估了单NEDDylation对UV-C照射细胞中聚焦形成的影响.
主要成果:
- DNA聚合酶eta (Pol η) 可以通过NEDD8在与ubiquitination相同的氨酸残留物中进行修改.
- 波尔 η 的 NEDD8 修改通过与其 UBZ 域的非共价相互作用进行介导.
- 通常较低的Pol η的单NEDDylation在COP9信号酶抑制时显著增加.
- 聚的单NEDDylation 抑制其焦点的形成在UV-C照射的细胞中,这表明它在防止转化DNA合成中发挥了作用.
结论:
- 揭示了一种涉及单-NEDDylation的人类波伦的新型调节机制.
- 单NEDDylation作为负调节剂,防止Pol η参与转化DNA合成.
- 这一发现凸显了在控制DNA修复途径方面,基类蛋白质修饰的重要性.
相关概念视频
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
9.7K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
9.7K
Histone Modification
16.3K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.3K
Translesion DNA Polymerases
11.3K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
11.3K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
27.2K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
27.2K
Proofreading
9.2K
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
9.2K
Proofreading
61.6K
Overview
61.6K


