立法新型精神活性物质:英国15年死亡率数据 (2007-2022) 的教训
Kirsten L Rock1, Ric Treble2, Caroline S Copeland1,3
1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in pharmacology
|February 16, 2026
概括
像中国这样的生产国立法大大减少了英国新型精神活性物质 (NPS) 的可用性. 国际控制影响英国的毒品政策,需要综合降低危害和全球合作.
科学领域:
- 法医毒理学 法医毒理学
- 毒品政策分析 毒品政策分析
- 国际法 国际法 国际法
背景情况:
- 新型精神活性物质 (NPS) 作为控制药物的合法替代品出现.
- 中国是全球NPS的主要来源,而英国的产量不那么明显.
- 了解立法对NPS可用性的影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估英国,中国和联合国立法控制对英国NPS可用性的影响.
- 分析死后的NPS检测作为可用性的指标.
- 为有效的药物控制策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对2007-2022年间死后药物检测的分析 (国家物质使用死亡率计划).
- 检测到的毒品的分类:经典的受管制物质,中国控制的NPS和其他NPS.
- 检查与立法变化相关的检测的时间趋势.
主要成果:
- 经典物质仍然是最普遍的;对于阿片类药物 (2017年),兴奋剂 (2015年) 和大麻素 (2018年,2021年) 的NPS检测在不同时间达到顶峰.
- 英国的立法控制在减少之前,但中国的立法,特别是2021年合成大麻素禁令,与英国检测的显著下降有关.
- 减少NPS检测与中国的立法行动更密切相关.
结论:
- 在英国,生产国,特别是中国的立法在减少NPS可用性方面最有效.
- 英国的毒品局势受到国际立法时间表的影响,造成了脆弱性.
- 有效的英国毒品政策需要将降低危害与立法控制相结合,并促进国际合作.
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