减少农林系统中现金作物的害虫和病原体的土著管理实践
Marco Campera1, Jake Skull1, Lizzie H Morton1
1Sustainable Agroforestry Research Group, School of Biological and Medical Sciences Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK.
Ecology and evolution
|February 16, 2026
概括
巴厘岛的土著农林实践显示出高的生物多样性和生态系统服务. 农作物多样化是关键,因为化学杀虫剂对各种农业系统中的害虫和病原体控制的影响很小.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 土著农业,包括传统的农林业,支持生物多样性和生态系统服务.
- 这些做法可以长期保持可持续性,尤其是在技术整合的情况下.
- 原住民社区农林业对害虫和病原体的影响需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响害虫和病原体对印尼巴厘岛土著社区农林业实践的影响因素.
- 将社区森林中的害虫和病原体发生率与多种植系统进行比较.
- 为了评估农业化学品使用与自然害虫防治相比的有效性.
主要方法:
- 数据来自社区森林和多种植系统中100个不同作物成分的地块收集.
- 香,咖啡,可可和香草的感染评分是根据受影响植物的百分比计算的.
- 一般化添加模型被用来分析作物丰富度,树冠覆盖和农业林业类型的影响.
主要成果:
- 由于黑病,可可遭受的损害最高 (63.9%);血管链回归影响了19.4%的植物.
- 的茎腐烂 (30.0%的香草) 和的枯 (10.2%的香) 是显著的.
- 在社区森林和多种植园之间,在害虫/病原体发病率上没有发现显著差异,这表明农业化学品的影响有限.
- 增加作物丰富度与减少昆虫害虫发生率相关,这表明加强了自然害虫控制.
结论:
- 农用化学品 (杀虫剂,杀菌剂) 对减少作物感染的影响很小,可能是由于害虫耐药性.
- 本土农林业的优势在于作物多样化,以提高经济抵御市场波动和产量损失的能力.
- 通过增加作物丰富性来加强自然害虫控制是可持续土著农业系统中的一个可行的策略.
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