通过母体疫苗接种和Nirsevimab进行婴儿呼吸道共囊病毒免疫接种
Karen P Acker1, Kevin Strobino2, Jessica M DeAngelis1
1Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
JAMA network open
|February 16, 2026
概括
婴儿的呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 免疫接种率从2023-2024年增加到2024-2025年季节. 然而,有公共保险的婴儿接受母体RSV疫苗和nirsevimab的比例较低.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 两种新的呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 预防方法,即母体RSV疫苗接种和nirsevimab,于2023年为婴儿提供.
- 影响这些RSV预防策略在最初季节的采用因素仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 确定2023-2024年和2024-2025年RSV季节在婴儿中通过母体疫苗接种或nirsevimab免疫的RSV免疫率.
- 确定与接受这些RSV免疫接种有关的人口和社会经济因素.
主要方法:
- 从2023年10月到2025年3月,纽约四级护理医院进行了一项队列研究,包括8个月以下的婴儿.
- 主要结局包括接受母体RSV疫苗 (产前≥14天) 或nirsevimab.
- 多项逻辑回归分析了与免疫相关的因素,控制年龄,性别,季节,保险和种族/种族.
主要成果:
- 整体RSV免疫覆盖率从2023-2024年的57.6%增加到2024-2025年的75.3%.
- 母亲RSV疫苗接种率为21.1% (2023-2024年) 和36.2% (2024-2025年);尼尔塞维马布接种率为36.5% (2023-2024年) 和39.1% (2024-2025年).
- 与私人保险相比,公共保险与接受母体RSV疫苗 (AOR=0.18) 和nirsevimab (AOR=0.80) 的几率较低有关.
结论:
- 在2023-2024年和2024-2025年季节之间,婴儿的RSV免疫率显著改善.
- 存在持续的差异,持有公共保险的婴儿不太可能接受RSV预防方法.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来解决这些不平等问题,并改善广泛获得RSV免疫的机会.
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